Effect of horse dung extract on the growth and some metabolic changes of chlorella vulgaris

Chlorella Vulgaris was cultured under controlled laboratory conditions on different concentrations of horse drug extract prepared either by soaking, boiling or autoclaving. The number of cells, protein chlorophyll contents and dry weight were determined as growth parameters. Results revealed that 0.2% waste extract obtained by soaking was the best one for algal growth. Almost all waste concentrations prepared by any of the previous treatments supported higher growth compared to that with Bold's basal medium [B.B.M.] conducted as a control. Chlorella cells absorbed considerable amounts of organic-N compounds, nonreducing, and lesser amounts of both reducing sugars and nitrate from the waste medium, while about 41% of the initial nitrate content were absorbed from the control medium. The transfer of Chlorella cells to the waste medium resulted in an elaborate increase in all the intra cellular nitrogen fractions tested: Ammonia was detected only in cells grown on the waste medium and carbohydrate content decreased by about 32% of its initial value

Physiological responses of enteromorpha intestinalis [L.] link and caulerpa prolifera [foresk] lamour. to salinity changes differences in osmoacclimation

The effect of hypo-and hyper saline treatments ranging from 15-45% on the tissue water content and the concentrations of some intracellular organic [soluble-carbohydrates, reducing sugars, total and individual free aminoacids, free proline, choline and glyane betaine] and inorganic [Na[+], K[[+]]C1 [+] and Ca[++]] solutes were determined in the marine algae. Enteromorpha intestinalis and Caulerpa prolifera. The differences in osmoacclimation algase were investigated. In both organisms, the tissue water content decreased lineary with the increase of salinity. Except for choline, the concentrations of all other organic and inorganic osmolytes determined were higher in E.intestinalis than in C. prolifera under the same salinity conditions. The contents of free proline, choline, glycine betaine, Na[+], K[+]and C1 [-] increased lineary in both algae with the increase of salinity. Other osmolytes exhibited the same trend under hyperosmotic conditions

Utilization of cow waste for the production of single cell protein from chorale pyrenoidosa chick

Different concentrations of the unconventional culture medium of cow waste extracted under different temperatures [22,100 and 120°C]were used for the production of single cell protein from Chlorella pyrenoidosa [strain 251 UTEX]. Under any of the extraction temperatures utilized, the waste supported a gradually increasing algal growth, reaching maximum at a waste concentration of 1.5% then decreased to a minimum at the highest concentration [4.5%]. However the extract prepared by boiling proved to be the best of all [for maximum growth] under the optimum waste cocentration. The protein amino acid profile showed a marked variation in the alga cultured on both waste and carol synthetic media. A considerable amount of the important amino acid Lysine was recorded in the protein amino acid profile of Chlorella grown on the waste medium comparable to that in the FAO reference protein

Effect of salinity fluctuation on the soluble protein profile and isozymal patterns of enteromorpha intestinalis [L.] link from Alexandria seashore

Disc gel electrophoresis technique was applied to investigate the effect of salinity stress under controlled laboratory conditions on the soluble protein profile [SPP] isoenzyme patterns of Acid phosphatase [Ac. ph.], leucine aminopeptidase [LAP], Alkaline phosphatase [Alk. ph] alpha-esterase [alpha-eat], and Glutamate dehydrogenase [GDH] in the euryhaline green alga Enteromorpha intestinalis. The intensity of the corresponding bands of the soluble protein profile increased gradually with the increase of salinity level. No difference could be noticed in any zymogram of each of the five enzyme systems investigated under the wide range of salinity variations regarding the isozymal patterns and the intensity of the corresponding bands. The results were discussed from physiologic and taxonomic point of view

collective taxonomic study of Eusiphoniidae [chlorophycophyta] from the Mediterranean seashore of Alexandria, Egypt

Caullerpa prolifera [Foerskal] Lamour. ecotype-I, C. prolifera [Foerskal] Lamour. ecotype-II, C. prolifera [foerskal] J. Ag. var. microphysa [Weber] n. Comb., Halimeda tuna [Ellis and Solander] Lamour. var. typica Barton, H. opuntia [L] micro Lamour. var. typica Barton, Bryopsis plumosa [Hudson] C. Ag. and B. pennata Lamour. collected from the Mediterranean seashore of Alexandria were chosen for this investigation. These taxa were compared for their morphological features, pigments and electrophoretic isozymal patterns of alpha-Esterase [a-Est], Malate dehydrogenase [MDH], Alkaline phosphatase [Alk. ph], Acid phosphatase [Ac.ph.] and Leucine amino peptidase [LAP]. Isozymal bands in the different zymograms were treated numerically by cluster analysis. Results indicate the association of ecotypic variations in C. prolifera with a special distribution of carotenoids in this species. However, the isozymal patterns of C. prolifera show the least variation with the isolation of ecotypes. The taxonomic importance of the distribution of carotenoids among the Eusiphoniidae has been demonstrated. Also, and based the present collective taxonomic approach, the systematic position of Halimeda, which appeared paradoxial in same classification systems, seemed to be more acceptable by placing with the species of Codium [Codiaceae]

Growth performance of chlorella vulgaris in response to the interaction of salinity and natural nitrogen source

Some experiments had been carried out to trace the effect of salinity, cow waste extract and their interaction on the growth and growth rate of chlorella vulgaris under controlled laboratory conditions. The algal growth decreased with the increase in salinization levels. While the reverse trend was observed regarding the growth response of the lest organism to the different concentrations of the waste extract. Under interactive effects of both salinity and waste extract [as a natural nitrogen source], the maximum concentration of the waste extract [1.4] and the minimum salinity applied [50 mM] supported the maximum growth and growth rate of Chlorella. However, the increasing levels of salinity with waste extract were accompanied by gradually decreasing growth values. The presence of the waste in combination with salinity not only delimits the stress of salinity but also promotes the growth of chlorella. The growth variations of Chlorella under the different treatments were highly significant in most cases as had been evaluated by the F-test

Vitamin C in some marine algae from the Mediterranean sea shore or Alexandria

Forty three species of marine algae belonging to Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta collected from Alexandria sea shore during the summer season of 1989 were analyzed for their content of vitamin C [Ascorbic acid AA and Dehydroascorbic acid DHA]. The spectrophotometric analyses showed that considerable amounts of vitamin C were observed in the brown algae: Cystoseira tamariscifolia, C. foeniculacea, Dictyot dichotoma and Taenia atomaria [average value 240.6 ug g[-1]fresh weight "f.w."] followed by the green alga Chaetomorpha linum [165.6 ug g[-1]f.w.] and the red alga Corallina mediterranea [141.01 ug g[-1]f.w.]. Generally the brown algae contained the highest amounts of vitamin C. With few exception, most species have DHA higher than AA. The AA/DHA ratio varied considerably from one alga to the other. This ratio may play an important role in controlling the growth of algae